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为了探究成纤维细胞生长因子10(FGF10)基因在梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）鹿茸生长过程中的生物学特性及其表达规律，试验以梅花鹿不同生长时期（前期、中期、后期）的顶端茸皮组织为试验材料，采用TA克隆其cDNA序列，利用生物信息学方法分析该基因及其编码蛋白的理化性质与结构，并构建系统进化树，同时运用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测其在茸皮组织不同生长阶段的表达情况。结果表明：(1)成功克隆获得梅花鹿FGF10基因的完整编码区（CDS），全长为642 bp，共编码213个氨基酸。(2)生物信息学分析显示，FGF10蛋白是一种具有跨膜结构的稳定亲水蛋白，相对分子质量为23 767.08，理论等电点pI为9.61，二级结构以无规则卷曲为主。(3)同源性比对与系统进化树分析发现，梅花鹿FGF10基因与马鹿、白尾鹿等物种的同源性高达99%，具有高度保守性。(4)qRT-PCR结果显示，FGF10基因的转录水平在鹿茸不同生长阶段表现出显著的动态变化。其表达量在生长中期降至最低点，随后在生长后期急剧上升至最高水平。各阶段间的比较分析显示，差异均达到了极显著水平（P<0.01）。综上，本研究成功克隆了梅花鹿FGF10基因，并揭示了其在鹿茸生长过程中的特异性表达模式，推测FGF10基因可能在鹿茸生长后期茸皮组织的成熟及毛囊发育过程中发挥着重要的调控作用。
Abstract：to investigate the biological characteristics and expression patterns of the Fibroblast Growth Factor 10(FGF10) gene during the antler growth process of sika deer(Cervus nippon). Using apical velvet tissue from different growth stages(early, middle, and late) of sika deer antlers as experimental material, the cDNA sequence of the FGF10 gene was cloned TA cloning. Bioinformatics methods were subsequently employed to analyze the physicochemical properties and structure of the gene and its encoded protein, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Concurrently, real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) was utilized to detect its differential expression across the various growth stages. The results showed that:(1) The complete coding sequence(CDS) of the sika deer FGF10 gene was successfully cloned. It has a full length of 642 bp and encodes a protein of 213 amino acids.(2) Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the FGF10 protein is a stable, hydrophilic protein featuring a transmembrane structure. Its predicted relative molecular mass is 23 767. 08 Da, with a theoretical isoelectric point(pI) of 9. 61. Its secondary structure is dominated by random coils.(3) Homology comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that sika deer FGF10 gene shares high identity(up to 99%) with orthologs in species such as red deer and white-tailed deer, indicating it is highly conserved.(4) The qRT-PCR results demonstrated that the transcriptional level of the FGF10 gene exhibited significant dynamic changes during different stages of antler growth. Its expression level decreased to a nadir during the middle stage and subsequently increased sharply to a peak in the late stage. Comparative analysis showed that the differences between all inter-group comparisons were extremely significant(P<0. 01).In conclusion, this study successfully cloned the FGF10 gene from sika deer and revealed its specific expression pattern during antler development. These findings suggest that FGF10 gene may play an important regulatory role in the maturation of velvet tissue and the development of hair follicles during the late stage of antler growth.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19848/j.cnki.ISSN1005-2739.2025.12.0005
中图分类号:S825
引用信息:
[1]郭行健,郭梦雅,邢海华,等.梅花鹿茸不同生长阶段顶端茸皮组织FGF10基因的表达分析[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2025,33(06):28-34.DOI:10.19848/j.cnki.ISSN1005-2739.2025.12.0005.
基金信息:
黑龙江省高校学科协同创新成果建设项目（LJGXCG2022-008）